BIDIRECTIONAL ROTATION OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR WITH A REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE (Electronics project)

Bidirectional Rotation of an Induction Motor with A Remote Control Device

Synopsis- short description:

The project is designed to drive an induction motor for the required application in forward and reverse directions using wireless technology. For example, an exhaust fan can be used in both the directions to get fresh air in and throw hot air out. This can be used in case of conventional exhaust a fan that rotates in one direction only.

This proposed system demonstrates a technology to rotate a squril cage induction motor in both clockwise and counter clockwise direction. It also has the provision to control the direction of the motor using a TV remote. When a TV remote button is pressed, it sends an IR signal in RC5 code which is received by an IR receiver called TSOP-1738. The microcontroller receives the infrared signal from the IR remote, the code of which is identified by the receiver to operate a set of relays. The relays switch ON/OFF the appropriate relay to power a split phase induction motor to achieve desired direction by interchanging leading supply phase from the main winding to the auxiliary winding. Output from the TSOP is fed to a microcontroller of 8051 family which is interfaced to a relay driver IC. Thereafter, the relay switching is done  by-stable mode for a split-phase induction motor to rotate in forward and reverse directions.

 Block diagram:

Block diagram explanation:

The block diagram representing thebidirectional rotation of an induction motor with a remote control device. The complete block diagram is divided into different sections-power supply section, control sectionand the output section. The power supply unit consists of the step down transformer which attenuates the high voltage AC to low voltage AC, the rectifier unit along with a filter converts this AC voltage to unregulated or pulsating DC voltage signal, the regulator produces a regulated DC voltage. Some parts of the circuit like the microcontroller are given the regulated DC signal whereas the other devices are given the unregulated DC supply. The output from the regulator is fed to the relay driver where two relays are connected to the relay driver IC to operate the motor in either direction. We are giving IR signals from the IR sensors as an input to the microcontroller and a T.V remote is used to send the signal to the sensor from some distance. The direction of the motor is observed by the induction motor in the output section. We have used split phase induction motor in this project.

Circuit diagram explanation:

The project uses a split phase, single phase induction motor of capacitor run type. The split phase motors have one of the coils that gets direct AC supply while the other gets the supply through one capacitor and the motor rotates in one particular direction. While the coils are interchanged, the motor starts rotating in the other direction. This phase reversal of power is achieved by a pair of relays namely relay 1 & relay 2. While the neutral of the supply is given directly to the common point of induction motor windings( main winding and auxiliary winding)  the phase is supplied through either relay 1 (or) relay 2 to change the direct supply situation to main winding and auxiliary in series with capacitor. While relay 2 is off & Relay 1 is “ON” then the power to the first winding is given directly from the supply and the power to the second winding is fed from capacitor. While relay 2 ON and relay 1 is off the power to the main winding is fed through the capacitor and the auxiliary windings gets direct supply. Such alternative operation of the relay is achieved by the program from the MC output driving the relay through relay driver IC. One infrared sensor is used to receive the coded signals from a standard T.V Remote. The output of the IR sensor is connected to the MC. While button 1 is pressed from the T.V Remote the logical output from driver IC  are such that only one relay is switched “ON” resulting the motor to run anti clockwise. While 3 is pressed from the remote the logic changes the other relay operates to make the motor run clockwise. The entire ckt is powered by an inbuilt power supply.

Output video explanation:

This project is designed to operate the motor in bidirectional rotation i.e. clockwise direction and anti clockwise direction which is based on microcontroller. When we switch ON the device the IR sensors will receive signal and the remote is operated through the IR sensor signal .we have arranged the complete system in such a way that when we supply the power to the IR sensor the LED glows. The operation of the motor is controlled by a standard T.V remote through IR signals. When we press a particular number in the remote the motor starts to operate. Suppose we pressed 1 on the remote the motor rotates in clockwise direction and when we press 2 then the motor will stop rotating and if we want to rotate the motor in anti clockwise direction then we have to press the number 3 on remote and when we press 4 on remote the motor will stop rotating. The complete output is done by using induction motor through relays through relay driver.

Conclusion:

The project “bidirectional rotation of an induction motor with a remote control device” has been successfully designed and tested. This project has been developed to rotate an induction motor for the required application in forward a well as in reverse directions using wireless technology, the complete operation of this project is based on 8051 microcontroller. This project gave us confidence and practical knowledge and makes us to learn about good things. This project is a low-cost, reliable, effective and more efficient system in practice.

Future scope:

In future, it can further be enhanced by controlling the operation of induction motor using thyristors in place of relays for noise free operation.