FOUR
QUADRANT DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROL WITH MICROCONTROLLER
ABSTRACT
The project is designed to develop a four quadrant
speed control system for a DC motor. The motor is operated in four quadrants i.e.
clockwise; counter clock-wise, forward brake and reverse brake. It also has a
feature of speed control.
The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited
for industries where motors are used and as per requirement as they can rotate
in clockwise, counter-clockwise and also apply brakes immediately in both the
directions. In case of a specific operation in industrial environment, the
motor needs to be stopped immediately. In such scenario, this proposed system
is very apt as forward brake and reverse brake are its integral features.
Instantaneous
brake in both the directions happens as a result of applying a reverse voltage
across the running motor for a brief period and the speed control of the motor
can be achieved with the PWM pulses generated by the microcontroller. The microcontroller
used in this project is from 8051 family. Push buttons are provided for the
operation of the motor which are interfaced to the microcontroller that provides
an input signal to it and in turn controls the speed of the motor through a
motor driver IC. Speed control feature by push button operation is also
available in this project.
This project can be enhanced
by using higher power electronic devices to operate high capacity DC motors.
Regenerative braking for optimizing the power consumption can also be
incorporated.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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