WIRELESS DC MOTOR SPEED AND DIRECTION CONTROL USING IR (PWM
and H-Bridge)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
Title
of the project :Wireless
DC motor speed and direction control using IR (PWM and H-Bridge)
Domain : Wireless Communication, Electrical
&
Embedded Design
Software : Embedded C, ARDUINO IDE
Microcontroller : ATMega8
/ 168 / 328
Power Supply : +5V, 500mA Regulated Power Supply
Display : 16
X 2 LCD
Crystal : 16MHz
Transmitter : RC5
Remote Control
Receiver : TSOP1738
Applications : Industries,
Process Control, Domestic and
Automotives
ABSTRACT:
A pulse width modulator (PWM) is a device that may be used
as an efficient DC motor speed controller or light dimmer. This project is a
versatile device that can control DC devices which draw up to a few amps of
current. The circuit may be used in either 12 or 24 Volt systems with only a
few minor wiring changes. This device has been used to control the speed of the
DC motor and to control brightness of an automotive tail lamp.
A
PWM circuit works by making a square wave with a variable on-to-off ratio, the
average on time may be varied from 0 to 100 percent. In this manner, a variable
amount of power is transferred to the load. The main advantage of a PWM circuit
over a resistive power controller is the efficiency, at a 50% level, the PWM
will use about 50% of full power, almost all of which is transferred to the
load, a resistive controller at 50% load power would consume about 71% of full
power, 50% of the power goes to the load and the other 21% is wasted heating
the series resistor.
One additional
advantage of pulse width modulation is that the pulses reach the full supply
voltage and will produce more torque in a motor by being able to overcome the
internal motor resistances more easily.
Three switches
are used to control the direction of the DC motor at the transmitter side. The
status of these switches is transmitted using IR transmitter and received by
the IR receiver. The microcontroller at the receiver will be continuously monitoring
the status of these switches received from the decoder and performs the
corresponding action.
The IR rays are
transmitted through remote and a receiver named TSOP 1738 receives these rays.
Four switches are used at the transmitter end, to control the speed and
direction of the dc motor which is connected at the receiver side. Two
push-to-on switches are provided for increasing / decreasing the speed of the
motor. Two more switches are used to rotate the motor in Clock wise / Counter
clock wise direction.
The
sensor continuously reads the status of the switches, passes the data to the
MCU. Now, it is the job of the controller to read the data and perform the
corresponding action i.e., to rotate the DC motor clockwise, anticlockwise or
entirely stop it.
16
X 2 Liquid Crystal display (LCD) is provided at the receiver side to display
the status of the DC motor. H-Bridge is used to drive the DC motor.
This project uses regulated 5V,
750mA & 12V, 500mA power supply. 7805 and 7812 three terminal voltage
regulators are used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is
used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.
Advantages:
Speed and
direction control from remote place
Speed level and
direction display on LCD
Reliable and Easy
to operate
Scopes for Advancement:
Tachometer can be
developed to measure the speed using reed switch
Applications:
- Industries are using IR solutions for monitoring, process, control, inventory tracking, data links and bar code reading devices.
- Commercial wireless applications such as door announcers, security and access systems, gate control, remote activation, score board and paging systems.
- Consumer products including electronic toys, home security, gate and garage door openers, intercom, fire and safety systems and irrigation controllers
- Bottle filling systems, visitors counter and conveyer application
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