ABSTRACT:
RFID is an acronym for Radio
Frequency Identification. This project is a standalone Automatic two door
interlock control system for toll tax using AT89S52 microcontroller. This
project is useful in all applications where two door interlocking is needed. RFID
is increasingly used with biometric technologies for security. Primarily, the
two main components involved in a Radio Frequency Identification system are the
Transponder (tags that are attached to the object) and the Interrogator (RFID
reader). Communication between the RFID reader and tags occurs wirelessly and
generally doesn’t require a line of sight between the devices.
RFID tags are categorized as either active
or passive. This project uses passive tags. Read-only tags are typically
passive and are programmed with a unique set of data (usually 32 to 128 bits)
that cannot be modified. The reader has three main functions: energizing,
demodulating and decoding. The antenna emits radio signals to activate the tag
and to read and write data to it.
In this project, the RFID module reader
typically contains a module (transmitter and receiver), a control unit and a
coupling element (antenna). This module is interfaced with the micro controller
and when the card is brought near to the RFID module it reads the data in the
card and displays on the LCD.
The
aim of this project is to atomize the toll tax collection on highways. RFID
reader, tags are used in this project to identify the entry or exit of the
vehicle. The RFID reader is placed at the toll tax collecting area and each and
every vehicle is provided with a RFID card. Each and every time when we place
the RFID card on the reader the current value (in Rs) in the card has to be
stored in the EEPROM. Once we pay the tax through RFID card the value of the
card get decremented which can shown on 16X2 LCD.
Initially
the gate is closed. Whenever any vehicle comes in front of the entry gate, the
reader detects the RFID card owned by the vehicle owner and certain value of
amount is detected automatically which will be displayed on 16X2 LCD. By using
serial communication the data will be processed by the microcontroller and opens
the entry gate by rotating the DC motor. After some delay, the gate will be
closed.
The
user places the RFID card in the RFID reader for collecting the tax, then. Then
the exit gate opens for the vehicle to leave. The microcontroller closes the
gate only after the vehicle exits out .If certain amount is not there in the
card then he/she can renewal the RFID card. Once the amount is successfully
deducted from RFID card only the gate opens. And again the RFID reader will be
waiting for the next vehicle to enter.
This project
uses regulated 5v, 750mA power supply. 7805, a three terminal voltage regulator
is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to
rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/12v step down transformer. The RFID
module requires a separate +5v power supply.
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